Called IDChat, the framework aims to support passwordless authentication in environments with limited connectivity. Developed by researchers from Universitas Nasional and Bina Nusantara University, it is intended as an alternative to SMS-based one-time passwords that could be adapted to different national identity systems. IDChat combines a user’s national identity number (NIK), fingerprint and proposed retinal biometric data with what researchers describe as a Digital Genetic Signature, or DGS. The DGS uses DNA-derived information as a source of cryptographic entropy during enrolment, rather than for ongoing biological verification. According to the researchers, raw biometric and genetic data would not be stored within the authentication token itself.